#10 Penicillin

Penicillin is indeed one of the most fortunate accidents of the 20th century. This widely used anti-biotic was discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming, a Scottish scientist.One day Fleming left his working station, without cleaning it up, and went on vacation. On his return he noticed a strange blue-green mold around some of his bacterial clusters (Staphylococcus). This blue green mold was Penicillin

#9 Microwave

Microwave radiations were discovered by Percy L. Spencer in 1945. 
He was walking past a radiation tube and noticed that the chocolate bar in his pocket melted. Then he placed a small bowl of pop corn in front of the tube and it quickly popped.  his discovery of the microwave radiation led to the invention of the microwave oven.

# 8 Popsicle

In 1905, Frank Epperson was trying to make the Soda Pop - a popular
drink at that time. He mixed the popular drink with soda water and accidentally left the mixture on his porch all night. The very next morning he found the frozen Soda Pop sitting on a stick, which he had used to stir the mixture.Then 18 years later, he started selling these accidentally formed Popsicle, then known as Eppsicle.

# 7 Ice Cream Cone

Before 1904, ice creams were only served in dishes. It was in 1904, when during the World Fair ice creams were sold in such a large quantity that the place ran out of dishes. To keep the business going, vendors started selling ice creams in thin wafers. Later cones were formed with these wafers.

#6 Potato Chips

Potato chips were invented in 1853 by George Crum. Crum experimented with wafer thin slices of potato when a customer repeatedly refused to eat his fries, because they were too thick and soggy.

                                                          

#5 Chocolate Chip Cookies

According to Nestle, one day Mrs. Wakefield was making chocolate 
cookies when she ran out of baker's chocolate. In stead of rushing to get the baker's chocolate, she put broken pieces of semi-sweet chocolate in the batter, hoping that they will melt. But the pieces did not, and chocolate chip cookies were born. Later Mrs. Wakefield sold the recipe to Nestle.

#4 Champagne

Champagne was discovered in the 17th century when Benedictine Monk tried for at least two years to come up with a wine with bubbles. His experiments brought in one of the most unique drinks- Champagne, without which most of our celebrations are incomplete.
                                                 
                                                        

#3 Superglue

Dr. Harry Coover accidently created a substance known as 'cyanoacrylate'. According to him it was a miserable failure. As at that time he was working to make a precision gun sight.
Later on, he found that the cyanoacrylate polymerizes when comes in contact with moisture and causes one of the strongest chemical bonds ever. So, it was the discovery of superglue.

#2 Artificial Sweetener

For most chemists not washing their hands before eating something, may prove to be lethal. However, this unhygienic act led Constantin Fahlberg to notice a sweet flavor.

Artificial sweetener was invented in 1879 because Constantin Fahlberg forgot to wash his hands before eating. He was trying to come up with new and interesting uses for coal tar when he took a break from his work, and went home. While eating the rolls he noticed something sweet. Surprised with the new taste he asked his wife if she had done anything new to the rolls. But she had not.

It was then that Constantin Fahlberg realized that the sweet taste must have been coming from his hands. Fahlberg returned to his lab the very next day and started working to find out the sweet spot.

He consulted with his mentor, Ira Remsen, who was also the in charge of the lab. And later, the duo published a research paper which explained the newly discovered sweet substance Saccharine.

And the......

#1 X–Rays

In 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen, a German physicist, was experimenting with cathode rays. During his experiment, he noticed a piece of fluorescent cardboard which lighted the whole room. He placed a thick screen between his cathode rays and the radiated cardboard. And the physicist was amazed to see that brilliant images can be produced with this incredible radiation and took an X-Ray photograph of her wife's hand.
Edison said that "Everything comes to him who hustles while he waits" but progress is not always deliberate. Sometimes great inventions are discovered not by choice - but by chance.

HARDER THAN STEEL

The new composite material harnesses the mechanical properties of nanowires, is twice as strong as high strength steel and is extremely elastic. It may be used to create medical applications, such as implants.In a world first, a team of researchers from Australia, China and the US has created a super strong metallic composite by harnessing the extraordinary mechanical properties of nanowires.

Co-author and Head of the School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering at The University of Western Australia, Winthrop Professor Yinong Liu, said the work has effectively overcome a challenge that has frustrated the world's top scientists and engineers for more than three decades, nicknamed the "valley of death" in nanocomposite design.

"We know that nanowires exhibit extraordinary mechanical properties, in particular ultrahigh strengths in the order of several gigapascal, approaching the theoretical limits. With the fast development of our capability to produce more in variety, more in quantity and better in shape and size of nanowires, the chance of creating bulk engineering composite materials reinforced by these nanowires has become high," Professor Liu said. However, all the attempts to date have failed to realise the extraordinary properties of the nanowires in bulk materials.

Professor Liu says the problem is with the matrix: "In a normal metal matrix-nanowire composite, when we pull the composite to a very high stress, the nanowires will experience a large elastic deformation of several per cent. That is OK for the nanowires, but the normal metals that form the matrix cannot. They can stretch elastically to no more than 1 per cent. Beyond that, the matrix deforms plastically," he said.

Plastic deformation damages the crystal structure at the interface between the nanowires and the matrix. In this regard, the properties of the composite are limited by the properties of the ordinary matrix, and not determined by the extraordinary properties of the nanowires.

"The trick is with the NiTi matrix," Professor Liu said. "NiTi is a shape memory alloy, a fancy name but not totally new. It is no stronger than other common metals but it has one special property that is its martensitic transformation. The transformation can produce a deformation compatible to the elastic deformation of the nanowires without plastic damage to the structure of the composite. This effectively gives the nanowires a chance to do their job, that is, to bear the high load and to be super strong. With this we have crossed the ‘valley of death'!" Professor Liu said.

Using this idea, the researchers have created composite materials that are twice as strong as high strength steels, that have elastic strain limits up to six per cent - which is 5-10 times greater than the elastic strains of the best spring steels currently available - and a Young's modulus of ~30 GPa, which is unmatched by any engineering materials so far.

The breakthrough opens the door for a range of new and innovative applications. The very low Young's modulus matches that of human bone, making it a much better material for medical applications as implants, for example. The ability to produce and maintain extremely large elastic strains also provides an unprecedented opportunity for "elastic strain engineering", which could lead to improvements in many functional properties of solid materials, such as electronic, optoelectronic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, photocatalytic and chemical sensing properties

Zero Gravity Corporation (also known as ZERO-G) is an American company based in Arlington, Virginia, formerly of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, which operates weightless flights from United States airports. Unlike NASA, ZERO-G is governed under Part 121 of FAA regulations (as are all US commercial passenger and cargo airlines) enabling the company to cater to both tourists and researchers alike.

In April 2006, ZERO-G became the first commercial company to gain permission from the Kennedy Space Center to use its space shuttle runway and landing facilities. On April 21, 2007, it began regular flights from Las Vegas for the general public at ticket prices of USD $3,675. Good Morning America aired promotional footage featuring the show's weatherman Sam Champion during a preview flight in Ohio. On December 9, 2007, Zero G hosted Adam Savage and Jamie Hyneman of Myth Busters to disprove the conspiracy that the Apollo Moon landing was a hoax.

On April 20, 2011, a Safety Approval was granted to ZERO-G by the FAA which allows the company to "...offer reduced gravity parabolic flights to prospective suborbital launch operators to meet the applicable components of the crew qualification and training requirements outlined in the Code of Federal Regulations (14 C.F.R., Section 460.5)."

The company owns and operates a Boeing 727-200, dubbed "G-FORCE ONE". It flies parabolic arcs similar to those of NASA's KC-135 Reduced gravity aircraft.

Fliers undergo a brief training session before embarking. A flight lasts 90 to 100 minutes, and consists of fifteen parabolas, each of which simulates about 30 seconds of reduced gravity one that simulates  gravity (one third of Earth's), two that simulate gravity (one sixth of Earth's), and 12 that simulate weightlessness. Each parabola begins with the aircraft climbing at a 45 degree angle at approximately 24,000 feet (7,300 m), peaks at 32,000 ft (9,800 m), and ends with the aircraft pointed down at a 30 degree angle.

Want to fly pay ........... USD $4,950.?!??!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?

He's got blood flowing through him, but he sure isn't human. Meet Rex, the world's first complete "bionic man."               

Rex has the face of a man; prosthetic limbs; a functional artificial blood-circulatory system; and artificial organs including a pancreas, kidney, spleen, and trachea. At 6.5-feet tall, Rex is valued at a whopping $1 million.Created for the TV documentary series "How to Build a Bionic Man," Rex was constructed by a team of roboticists. The researchers say they wanted to test scientific boundaries and demonstrate how modern science is beginning to catch up with sci-fi in the race to replace body parts with man-made alternatives.

In the future, people may be able to fix a failing organ without having a transplant. The agonizing wait for a matching donor could be a thing of the past. Bertolt Meyer, a social psychologist at the University of Zurich, was in London with other researchers to demonstrate how the bionic man works

"Also the fact that they are very close to an implantable artificial kidney that will actually be able to replace a failing kidney without the necessity of a kidney transplant. So think of the great benefits technology like that would bring. I knew fairly much about prosthetic limbs apparently, but what we are close to accomplishing in terms of artificial organs -- I find that absolutely mind boggling.""One of my personal favorites is the artificial blood that runs through these tubings, because this is made of nanoparticles that are able to bind oxygen and give them off, just like real blood can do, but this isn't real blood, this is nanoparticles," Meyer told reporters .

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